HYDRAULIC PUMP
HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPES:
HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPES are divided into 3 according to their structures.
1- Gear pumps 2- Vane pumps 3- Piston pumps
Before entering the subject of HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPES, what is a hydraulic pump? How is its working system? How are efficiency calculations made? What should be considered when choosing a pump? For a comprehensive information page where topics such as SEE: Hydraulic Pump
HYDRAULIC PUMP CLASSIFICATION
Gear pumps
They are externally geared or internally geared.
The structure of gear pumps is simple and consists of two flat gears that work smoothly with each other. The oil sucked from the suction line by the gears is taken between the gears and pressed to the pressure line. The diameter and tooth depth of the gears affect the volume of the flow blood they will press.
gear pumps
Gear hydraulic pumps are made in different capacities and sizes. The pump with the appropriate capacity for the system should be selected and the recommendations of the manufacturers should be taken into consideration. In gear pumps with working pressures between 40 bar and 250 bar, flow rates can vary between 3*5 cnr/rev and © 100 cnr/rev. gear pump elements
gear HYDRAULIC PUMP elements: l. front cover 2. Gear front bearings 3. Gear wheels 4. Gear rear bearing 5. Body
Gear pumps are preferred because their construction is simple, their suction height is high, their speed range varies between 1400 rpm and 2800 rpm, their total efficiency is high, and they can be used easily in dusty and dirty environments.
gear pump tandem
Gear pumps can be made in 2, 3 or 4 tandem
The gears and shafts of the pumps are made of cemented steel. Needle bearings are used in the bearings. Flow rate calculation in gear pumps:
Flow rate in gear pumps varies according to the speed of the gears, pitch circle diameter, tooth height and tooth width. These values are also taken into account in the flow rate calculation.
Q = Flow rate of the gear pump…….. cm³/second h= Tooth height …………..cm b= Tooth width ………….cm W= Angular velocity ……………radians/sn d= Pitch circle diameter ……..cm
Q=b.d.h.W External gear HYDRAULIC PUMP:
As seen in the figure, the pump teeth provide volume growth (gap) and absorb oil while separating from each other on the suction side. On the discharge side, the teeth grip each other, providing volume reduction and pressurizing the oil.
gear hydraulic pump animation
External gear hydraulic pump operating system animation hydraulic pump and symbol
External gear pump operation and symbol
Internal gear hydraulic pump:
They can operate at 315 bar continuously; 350 bar for short periods of time, they operate very quietly. They are generally suitable for industrial applications
As seen below, the gears are eccentric inside each other. The number of teeth of the external gear is one more than the internal gear. The hydraulic pump performs suction and discharge by the external gear operating the internal gear.
Internal gear pumps operate at lower speed and pressure than external gears.
internal gear pump animation
Internal eccentric gear hydraulic pumps are used in places where large flow and low operating pressure are required in the hydraulic system. In these types of pumps, the flow direction can be reversed»When the direction of rotation changes, the suction and discharge directions also change. Internal gear hydraulic pump operation
Internal gear hydraulic pump operation Gerator type hydraulic pump
Gerator type HYDRAULIC PUMP
Plane pumps
Plane pumps consist of a sleeve in which a circular rotor is eccentrically placed and the vanes placed around the rotor. As the rotor rotates, the vanes, which are mobile in their channels, contact the sleeve under the effect of centrifugal force while rotating and enter and exit in accordance with the eccentricity in their own channels. The rotating vanes drag the oil they bring by sucking with them and bring it to the pressure line.
The working principles of vane pumps are no different from gear pumps. It is the pressing of the sucked oil from one side to the other as a result of a volumetric reduction. Vane pumps, which are suitable for medium pressures, have high initial speeds.
hydraulic pump types vane
The vanes are pushed outwards by the springs in their own channels, due to the eccentricity, the vanes enter and exit their own channels while in contact with the environment and bring the oil they take between them from the suction area to the outlet port.
Vane pumps, which have a delicate construction, are more expensive than gear pumps because of their high workmanship. vane pump animation
HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPES / Vane Pump
Features of Vane Hydraulic Pumps
1-Mounting dimensions are small. 2-It operates without vibration and noise, 3-It is suitable for operating pressures up to 160 bar. 4-The flow rate to be obtained can vary between 180 liters/min and 450 liters/min, 5-It operates between 900 and 3000 rpm. 6-Since the vanes are pressed against the environment with the effect of the centrifugal force *, sealing is ensured. 7-It requires more workmanship compared to gear pumps. 8-Working pressures are lower than other pumps. 9-It has more internal leaks compared to gear pumps. 10. Its efficiency is low.